Future Bioclimatic Change of Agricultural and Natural Areas in Central Europe: An Ultra-High Resolution Analysis of the De Martonne Index

Bioclimate alteration unquestionably poses a current but also potential future threat to natural and agricultural ecosystems their services. In this scope, the present bioclimatic footprint of Central European territory is investigated presented. For first time, an ultrahigh spatial resolution (<250 m) de Martonne index analyzed over entire area, as well for individual countries (Austria, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Hungary Slovakia). The research performed reference period (1981–2010) three time series (2011–2040; 2041–2070; 2071–2100) under two emissions scenarios (SSP370 SSP585) determination short-term distant change trends. Projection results reveal higher xerothermic trends lowland areas mostly in 2071–2100 extreme SSP585, with classes’ distributions going from 0.0% 2.3% semi-dry class 30.1% presiding Mediterranean class. Additionally, more than half territory’s surface area (53.4%) foreseen be depending on supplementary irrigation by 2100. Overall, intense dry thermal conditions are expected impact Slovakia latter emerging particularly vulnerable.